Metal radio tube



y 1950 A. BINNEWEG,.JR 2,515,945

-METAL RADIO TUBE Filed, Aug. 17, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l /////////////fl////////////////////////// l v l I I .I

[I I ,I

I N VEN TOR.

Patented July 18, 1950 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE METAL RADIO TUBE Abraham Binneweg, Jr., Oakland, Calf.

Application August 17, 1945, Serial No. 611,126 Claims. (01.250-275) The present invention relates to electron discharge tube-s, and particularly to radio tubes having metal envelopes.

Fig. 1 is a drawing illustrating a vertical section of the metal tube according to this in vention.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the radio tube of Fig. 1 but with the top metal disc of the tube removed. The base insulator and a cooling fin can be seen. See also Fig. 5 for a view of the complete case and grid inside. e

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the circular disc l' of Fig. 1 which supports the grid wires. This disc could be in one piece with part l4`; or parts l'l and !4 are of separate pieces of any desired materials. The two pieces are joined with rivets.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a modification having no base cooling ring, but having a surrounding cooling chamber.

Fig. 5 is a plan View of the modification of Fig. 4, being also useful in a study of the plan View of Fig. 1 which is similar.

An object of the invention is the simplification of manufacture of radio tubes by building them of metal parts welded together.

Another object is to provide a metal shell radio tube having an efcient Construction; particularly in a stable base insulator having a low inductance grid rising vertically from it, cooling means for the base insulator either at the base itself in the way of a cooling fin or fins; a, cooling chamber surrounding the tube, or a cooling ring around the base insulator or a combination of these.

Another object is to provide a simple metal tube having an insulator supported grid composed of vertical wires.

Another object is to provide a simple metal tube having an insulator plugat it base upon which the elements are supported.

Another object is to provide a simple metal tube having a specially low inductance parallel wire grid.

Another object is to provide a metal tube having a cooling means for protecting its insulation.

Another object is to provide a metal tube having air or water cooling.

Another object is to provide a protected metal tube having a surrounding metal protectin'g chamber.

An added object is to provide a metal radio tube having surrounding water chamber and protecting chamber, cooling ring in its base, low in" ductance grid and insulator ring supported grid structure having a cathode or filament current s pp y.

Another object is to provide a tube of small size for power purposes, having means for protecting its insulation from heat developed in its operation.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the description and claims which follow:

Referring to Fig. 1, the radio tube has a metal envelope consisting of a metal circular or elliptical cylinder l, having top metal disc 2 welded to its top. surrounding the vertical sides are one or more optional fixed or removable circular rings !2, spaced as desired, to serve as cooling ns.

The bottom of the tube has an optional circular cooling chamber consisting of two horizontal rings l, and two vertical rings 8 and 9 welded together, for example, to form an annular chamber, encircling the base insulator 4 to keep it cool. 'Through the circular chamber 5 any gas or liquid can be passed through an intake pipe like l I,

`and another such outlet pipe il at the position now occupied by pipe n. Pipe lil difiers somewhat, to show that this type of intake or outlet pipe can be used instead, in both positions li'. and H with a narrower opening, or a seal, after the air has been exhausted. 5 is an optional metal ring between the base insulator 4, and the cooling chamber 6. l5A, |5A are the filament leads, and |5 is the filament; or it could be the usual cathode.

Obviously, the circular cooling chamber 6 could be omitted, the cooling fins !2, !2, vertical or horizontal, as many as desired then being employed. The tube in its simplest form has no cooling fins !2, and no cooling chamber 5, the ring 5 then extending to the sides of the case and scaling, with the center insulator, the bottom of the case, as shown in Fig. 4. Ring 5 could also be eliminated, the insulator alone then closing the bottom. IT is the grid wire supporting insulator, having holes [9 for the wires. !4 is the lower part of the insulator. Obviously, the envelope could be fiattened and the grid wires arranged in a single plane should this be desired.

Further constructional details of Fig. l can be obtained from Fg. 3 which shows the circular or elliptical top insulator !1 of Fig. l. This insulator extends to the side of the case in Fig. l.

Holes !9 are for the separate, grid wires !8 insulated from each other and passing down holes l3 to the outside of the tubes. The wires are sealed in the base insulator. The tungsten filament hook [6 is held in the insulating piece !4, when l'l is of metal should this be desired to pro- Vide a high Capacity between grid and plate inside the tube, or to connect the wires of the grid electrically to each other. l'l has two modifications in its construction: one modification has separate insulated grid wires with both H and !4 of insulating material and in one piece, or in two pieces riveted together. The other modification has the piece I'l of metal, and the piece !4 of insulating material, the two pieces being riveted together as shown in Fig. 1. The hook s in Fig. 1 then does not make electrical connection with ll. Either modification of [1 can extend to the walls of the envelope as in Fig. 4, or be spaced from the walls of the envelope as in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a modification having cylindrical or elliptical section case l, and a top metal disc 2 welded together. Base insulator 4, and metal ring 5 are welded to the case. Insulator 4 is Pyrex glass insulating material cemented airtight or sealed to ring 5. Note that l'l extends to the side of the case l, and that the cooling ring 6 has been omitted. 3 is the exhaust tube. 26 is a circular metal ring welded around the tube like |2 of Fig. 1. 2! is a metal circular or elliptical c'ylinder completely enveloping the inner metal cylinder I, so as to leave a space between cylinder 21 and cylinder l for the circulation of gas or liquid entering pipe 23 and leaving by pipe 24. '23 and 24 are exhaust tubes for exhausting the outer chamber should it be desired to provide another vacuum in the chamber surrounding the inner vacuum chamber l, 2.

This tube is designed for frequencies where, ci necessity, the parts must he as small as pcssihle, and hence the heating as high as can he allowed. The separate insulated-wire grid is especially for these requencies, and normally il and i@ are of insulating material, and in one piece.

The grid structure or enveiope of both tubes, instead of'being circular can be elliptical if desired; that is, i'' in Fig. 3 could be elliptical or a fiattened circle instead of being circular, and the case containing it could also have similar shape, to produce the usual 'ectangular shaped element or radio tube assembly or complete radio tube efiect. r

One or more grids can be used, one within the other. A cylindrical anode could also be used inside the outer metal envelope. These additional electrodes could be supported like the grid shown, on the same insulator or each on a separate insulator. One or more filaments or cathodes can be used together or next to each other.

A simple metal tube as described can be assembled as iollows: The base insuator with its assemhly in place is fitted. into the cylinder bottom and then cemented air-tight into place. The exhaust tube is fitted with a cork. Tube is then immersed in water with the case top protruding. The top disc is then welded on. The base insulator can be put on later if necessary.

What is claimed is:

1, A radio tube having a metallic envelope unctioning as an anode, a dielectric closure unctioning as a base for said envelope, a plurality of wires penetrating said closure and rising therefrom to form a grid, a dielectric disk supported by said wires and holding them in insulated spaced relation, a hook attached to the underside of said disk, a cathode supported by said hook, leads from said cathode passing down through said closure, and an annular chamber encircling said closure between the metallic and dielectric portions of the tube.

2. A radio tube having a metallic receptacle, a dielectric, air-tight closure for said receptacle,

-the walls of said receptacle functioning as an anode, a plurality of grid wires passing through said dielectric closure insulated each from the other, a dielectric disk holding the inner ends of said grid wires in insulated spaced relation, a dielectric block attached to the center of the underside of said disk, a hook attached to said block, a filament wire hung over said hook, and leads at each end of said filament wire passing through said dielectric base and insulated thereby from each, other.

3. A radio tube having an inverted cup-shaped receptacle, a dielectric air-tight closure for said receptacle, said receptacle being of metal and. functioning as an anode, a plurality of independent grid wires perforating said closure in spaced relation and insulated from each other thereby, a dielectric disk fitting snugly in the top of said receptacle and holding in spaced relation the tops of said grid wires, each of said grid wires being insulated from each other and from the encircling anode, a cathode at the center of the tube, and leads from said cathode penetrating said dielectric closure. V v

4. A radio tube having an invert'ed cup-shaped receptacle of metal functioning as an anode, a dielectric closur disk for said receptacle cemented thereto and rendering it air-tight, independent grid wires perforating said closure disk and insulated from each other thereby, a dielectric disk at the top of said receptacle receiving the tips of said grid` wires and insulating one from the other and all of them from said anode receptacle, an upright cathode in the center of said receptacle spaced from said grid wires, leads for said cathode perforating said closure disk, and horizontal, annular fins encircling said metal receptacle functioning as oolers.

5. A radio tube having an inverted cup-shaped receptacle of metal functioning as an anode; a tube encircling said receptacle just within the lip and attached thereto, through which may be forced a cooling fluid; a dielectric, flat closure disk fitted in an air-tight manner to said tube; a circle of independent grid wires penetrating said closure disk and insulated from each other thereby; means for holding the tips of said grid wires in insulated sp'aced relation; and an upright cathode at the center of the encircling grid wires and insulated therefrom.

ABRAI-IAM BINNEWEG, J a.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATEN'I'S Number .Name Date 1,488,613 Bickard Apr. 1, 1924 1,558,830 Brough Oct. 27, 1925 1,619,318 Summers Mar. 1, 1927 1,661,235 Sarbey Mar. 6, 1928 1,839A08 Miesse Jan. 5, 1932 2,049,238 Weth et al July 23, 1936 2,057,508 Wilson Oct. 13, 1936 2,096,205 smith Oct. 19, 1937 2,105,4'72 Clark et al Jan. 18, 1938 2,162,234 Thomas June 13, 1939 2,267,128 Mouromtseff et al. Dec. 23, 1941 2,348,852 Scharfnagel May 16, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date France Dec. 17, 1927 

